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    <header>nature</header>
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    <nav>NEWS 15 September 2022 Correction 21 September 2022</nav>
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      <h1>Scientists are using AI to dream up revolutionary new proteins</h1>
      <h3>
        Huge advances in artificial intelligence mean researchers can design
        completely original molecules in seconds instead of months.
      </h3>
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          src="../../html/static/image/d41586-022-02947-7_23486144.jpg"
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          Artificial-intelligence tools are helping to scientists to come up
          with proteins that are shaped unlike anything in nature.Credit: Ian C
          Haydon/UW Institute for Protein Design
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      <p>
        In June, South Korean regulators authorized the first-ever medicine, a
        COVID-19 vaccine, to be made from a novel protein designed by humans.
        The vaccine is based on a spherical protein ‘nanoparticle’ that was
        created by researchers nearly a decade ago, through a labour-intensive
        trial-and error-process1.
      </p>
      <p>
        Now, thanks to gargantuan advances in artificial intelligence (AI), a
        team led by David Baker, a biochemist at the University of Washington
        (UW) in Seattle, reports in Science2,3 that it can design such molecules
        in seconds instead of months.
      </p>
      <p>
        By tweaking AlphaFold and other AI programmes, that time-consuming step
        has become instantaneous, says Ovchinnikov. In one approach developed by
        Baker’s team, called hallucination, researchers feed random amino-acid
        sequences into a structure-prediction network; this alters the structure
        so that it becomes ever-more protein-like, as judged by the network’s
        predictions. In a 2021 paper, Baker’s team created more than 100 small,
        ‘hallucinated’ proteins in the lab and found signs that about one-fifth
        resembled the predicted shape4.
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